Following intense pressure from settlers who continued to illegally remain on Kanza reservation lands, in March of 1862, the Kanza agreed to further compensation for non-Native squatters, who demanded to be repaid for their “improvements.” While the Treaty of 1859 compensated squatters who had settled on Kanza land before December 2, 1856, the Treaty of 1862 extended such compensation by offering “certificates of indebtedness” from the Kanza to settlers who settled prior to October 5, 1859 despite the fact that the settlers’ claims were not lawful. Historian Ronald D. Parks calls this exchange an “effective practice of squatter extortion” (The Darkest Period 130).